Urinalysis Question Bank

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Urinalysis

Urinalysis Question Bank

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Category: Urinalysis

1. Where does water reabsorption occur ? 

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2. A renal disorder often seen in children and young adults following a Group A Streptococcus respiratory infection and characterized by inflammation of the glomerulus, increased white blood cells, hematuria, and proteinuria ? 

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3. Which of the following is the major organic substance found in urine ?

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4. Which urine specimen is the most desirable specimen for creatinine clearance tests ?

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5. A tuft of capillaries that filters the blood is ?

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6. Pale-colored stools, increased conjugated bilirubin in plasma and normal urine urobilinogen is indicative of ?

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7. Which cell is seen in the urine of patients with drug-induced nephritis or renal transplant rejection? 

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8. Which urine crystal has envelope-shaped appearance ?

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9. Refrigerating urine sample will cause precipitation of ? 

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10. Which of the following substance is used to assess glomerular filtration rate ? 

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11. Which term is used to describe failure of the kidney to produce urine due to kidney damage or renal failure ?

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12. What is the confirmatory test for galactose ?

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13. Which of the following specific gravity value indicates loss of concentrating and diluting ability of the kidney ? 

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14. The confirmatory test for bilirubin is ?

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15. Which term is defined as a urine volume more than 2000 mL excreted over a 24-hour period ?  

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16. Which urine specimen is the most desirable specimen for creatinine clearance tests?

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17. Which term is used to describe a urine output less than 400mL excreted over a 24-hour period ?

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18. “Glitter cell” is a term used to describe a specific type ?

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19. “Isosthenuria” is a term applied to a urine specimen that exhibits ?

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20. A normal urine clarity should be ?

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21. The confirmatory test for ketone is ? 

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22.  Which of the following is characteristic of an exudate effusion ? 

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23.  Which of the following is a characteristic of an exudate effusion ? 

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24. Which part of the nephron is the final site for water reabsorption? 

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25. Which of the following changes occurs in unpreserved urine include ? 

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26. A Black (tarry) stool is indicative of ?

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27. Which hormone controls the reabsorption of water in distal convoluted tubules?

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28.  Which disorder is associated with a mousy urine odor ?

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29. Conjugated bilirubin is reduced to urobilinogen by a bacterial action in ?

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30. Which of the following tests is used to confirm the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans in cerebrospinal fluid ?

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31. Which compound is responsible for the brown color of feces ?

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32. Which arteriole carries blood into the glomerulus ? 

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33. Which crystal is associated with cystinuria and renal calculi formation ? 

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34. Which of the following organic substance accounts for 50% of all dissolved solids in urine ? 

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35. Which abnormal crystals have a rosettes appearance, colorless to yellow in color and often seen in hereditary diseases that affect amino acid metabolism ?

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36. Which substance is responsible for the yellow color of urine?  

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37. Nitrite in a urine specimen suggests the presence of ? 

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38. An increased urine output at night is ? 

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39. Which urine specimen is the preferred collection method for bacterial culture?

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40. Presence of protein in urine is diagnostic of ? 

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41. Which of the following will cause a false negative bilirubin result ?

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42. Which of the following crystal is seen in gout ?

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43. Which organ regulates acid-base balance of the body ? 

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44. Which type of crystal is often described as a “coffin lid”?

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45.  The estimation of hyaluronic acid concentration by measurement of viscosity is useful in evaluating which type of fluid ?  

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46. Which of the following gives synovial fluid its unique viscosity ?

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47. A positive nitrite is indicative of ?

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48.  Which of the following is a characteristic of a transudate effusion? 

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49. Which cells are seen in multiple sclerosis ?

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50. What is the byproduct of bilirubin reduction ?

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51. Inflammation of the intestinal wall is called ?

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52. A hormone secreted in juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidneys that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I is called ?

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53. What is the expected pH range of a urine specimen?

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54. A term used to describe urine with a  specific gravity of less than 1.010? 

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55. Which crystals have a needle appearance, yellow in color and often seen in liver disease?

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56. A colorless, highly refractile with cracks on the sides and associated with chronic renal failure is best identified as.

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57. What is the major constituent of casts ?

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58. A sperm count of less than 10 million/mL is indicative of ?

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59. Which urine specimen is the most desirable specimen for quantifying sodium analyte?

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60. “Hemoglobinuria” is a term used to describe a urine specimen with ? 

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61.  A term used to describe urine with a fixed specific gravity (1.010) ?

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62. Which of the following when present in urine is indicative of nephrotic syndrome ?

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63. What magnification should be used to report RBCs and WBCs ?

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64. Which of the following tests is used for early detection of colorectal cancer ?

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65. Where does sodium reabsorption occur ?

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66. Which type of bilirubin is insoluble in water and cannot be excreted in urine?

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67. Which cells are increased in bacterial meningitis ?

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68. A protein produced by the kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production in response to low oxygen levels ? 

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69. What is the byproduct of heme metabolism?

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70. Which urine specimen will have a high specific gravity ?

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71. What magnification should be used to report casts and crystals ?

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72. What is the fluid in a joint called ?

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73. Which of the following renal infection is caused by urinary tract infection and presents with hematuria, increased WBC, proteinuria with the presence of bacteria, and bacterial casts?

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74. A term used for bulky, foul-smelling, greasy stools caused by malabsorption of fat is called ?

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75. The nephron comprises of ? 

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76. The process by which a substance from the blood is transported across the wall of the tubule into the filtrate is called ?

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77. Which region of the kidney contains the loops of Henle and the collecting ducts located ? 

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78. Where are the renal corpuscles,  proximal and distal convoluted tubules located?

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79. The estimation of hyaluronic acid concentration by measurement of viscosity is useful in evaluating which type of fluid ? 

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80. Which of the following diseases can cause polyuria ? 

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81. “Hematuria” is a term used to describe a urine specimen with ?

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82. Which renal disorder is characterized by the thickening of the glomerular capillary walls and presents with hematuria and proteinuria? 

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83. An inherited metabolic disorder named for the characteristic maple syrup smell is?

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84. Presence of ketone in the urine is indicative of ? 

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85. Which of the following can be easily mistaken as red blood cells in the urine ?

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86. Which crystals are associated with renal calculi formation ?

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87. A squamous epithelial cell coated with Gardnerella vaginalis and often seen in bacterial vaginosis is called ?

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88. Which abnormal crystals have concentric circles, radial striations, yellow in color and often seen in hereditary diseases that affect amino acid metabolism?

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89. Which of the following can cause a specific gravity of > 1.035

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90. Which renal disorder is characterized by proteinuria (>3.5 g/24 hr), hematuria, lipuria, presence of waxy casts, oval fat bodies, and renal tubular epithelial cells ? 

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91. The functional unit of the kidney is ?

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92.  Which genetic disorder is characterized by accumulation of homogentisic acid in blood and urine ?

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93. A clear, flat rectangular plate with notched corners and commonly seen following refrigeration is best identified as?

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94. Which condition is associated with sweet or fruity urine odor ?

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95. Which urine specimen is the most desirable specimen for pregnancy tests?

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96. What is the principle used for protein analysis based upon?

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97. Which of the following inorganic substances have the highest concentration in urine ?  

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98. In a healthy kidney, which of the following molecules will remain in the arterioles and will not pass through the glomerular capillary walls ? 

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99. Presence of Leukocytes in the urine is indicative of ?

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100. Which of the following changes occurs in unpreserved urine include ? 

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101. Which of the following organic substances can be found in urine ? 

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102. What is the normal pH range of seminal fluid ?

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103. Which type of bilirubin is water soluble and excreted in urine ?

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104. Which of the following inorganic substance have the lowest concentration in a urine ? 

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105. Increased fecal fat (>60 droplets) is suggestive of which disorder?

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106. Which of the following should be suspected when yellow foam forms after urine is shaken ? 

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107. An Inflammation of the renal interstitium; characterized by hematuria, proteinuria, and presence of WBC casts is? 

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108. The specific gravity of a normal urine is ? 

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109. What are the two main regions of the kidneys ?

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110.  Patients with diabetes insipidus tend to produce urine in?

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111. Which urine specimen is the most desirable specimen for pregnancy tests? 

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112. Which cells are increased in viral and fungal meningitis ?

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113. Which crystals are seen ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning ?

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114. Where is bilirubin conjugated with glucuronic acid to form bilirubin diglucuronide ?

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115. A term used to describe presence of glucose in urine is ? 

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116. Which hormone controls the reabsorption of sodium from the filtrate and the secretion of potassium and hydrogen into the filtrate? 

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117. A hormone made in the parathyroid glands that promote calcium reabsorption from the filtrate and excretion of phosphate ions from the blood into the filtrate is called ? 

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118. A term used to describe urine with a specific gravity of greater than 1.010 ?

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119.   A clay-colored stool is indicative of ?

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120.  Which of the following is a characteristic of a transudate effusion?

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121.  Which of the following is a characteristic of a transudate effusion ? 

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122. Which of the following crystals is associated with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome ? 

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123. Which part of the kidney is responsible for most reabsorption and secretion in the tubules ?

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124. What are the order of collection for Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)samples?

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125. What is the fluid in an abdomen called ?

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126. A term used to describe increased white blood cells in urine is ?

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127. Which of the following is an abnormal sperm form ?

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128. Which of the following protein is associated with multiple myeloma ? 

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129. A red stool is indicative of ?

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130. A ribbon-like stool is indicative of ?

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131. What is the expected pH range of a urine specimen?  

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132. Guthrie bacterial inhibition is a screening test for ?

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